{"id":1676,"date":"2021-10-31T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-31T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/?p=1676"},"modified":"2021-11-01T11:41:27","modified_gmt":"2021-11-01T11:41:27","slug":"sendikalar-ve-kooperatifler-demokratik-isyerlerinin-insaasi-icin-isbirligi-lisabeth-ryder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/index.php\/2021\/10\/31\/sendikalar-ve-kooperatifler-demokratik-isyerlerinin-insaasi-icin-isbirligi-lisabeth-ryder\/","title":{"rendered":"Sendikalar ve Kooperatifler: Demokratik \u0130\u015fyerlerinin \u0130n\u015faas\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi, Lisabeth Ryder"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeleri olarak herg\u00fcn sahada i\u015f\u00e7ilerin hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ediyoruz; haklar\u0131 eriyen, g\u00fcvencesiz ve esnek i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak ad\u0131na i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in yeni ara\u00e7 ve alternatif aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nday\u0131z. Yenilik\u00e7i \u00f6nderlik ruhuna uygun \u015fekilde i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin, daha geleneksel i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi y\u00f6ntemlerine eklemlenecek ve Amerikan i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na tekrar hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc geri verecek alternatif bir \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme stratejisi olarak i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatiflerini kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6neriyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sendikalar\u0131n g\u00f6revi, i\u015f yerine ve daha b\u00fcy\u00fck perspektifte ekonomiye demokrasi getirmektir. \u015eu anda biz bunu i\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fveren aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ili\u015fki \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yap\u0131yoruz. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifi ise bu modelin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kan, i\u015f yerlerini i\u015f\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan demokratik bir \u015fekilde i\u015fletilen kurumlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren bir alternatiftir. \u00d6te yandan i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifleri i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin her derdine deva da olamaz. Yine de i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatiflerinin Amerikan s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesi tarihinde \u00f6nemli bir yeri vard\u0131r. \u00d6rg\u00fctl\u00fc i\u015f\u00e7i hareketi, s\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7inde etkisini geli\u015ftirmenin yan\u0131nda bug\u00fcn temsil etmekte oldu\u011fumuz i\u015f\u00e7ilere yeni alternatifler sunma potansiyeline de sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hedefimiz i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifleri \u00fcyelerinin aidat \u00f6deyen, sendika \u00fcyeleri olmalar\u0131na olanak tan\u0131yan ve yeni i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatiflerini \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme stratejilerinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline getiren kurumsal bir de\u011fi\u015fimin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7makt\u0131r. Sendikalar, i\u015f yerinde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme komiteleri olu\u015fturarak, i\u015f plan\u0131, yasal \u00e7er\u00e7eve ve gerekli belgeleri haz\u0131rlayarak, kaynak sa\u011flayarak, geli\u015fim i\u00e7in e\u011fitim sunarak,  sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortas\u0131 ve emeklilik plan\u0131 tahsis ederek i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatiflerinin in\u015fas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilirler. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i kooperatiflerini sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline getirmek politik g\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc art\u0131racak, bize aidat \u00f6deyen taban\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 geni\u015fletmenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme stratejimizi de geli\u015ftirecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifi tamam\u0131yla i\u015f\u00e7ilere ait, demokratik olarak i\u015fletilen bir i\u015f yeri olarak tarif edilebilir. Amerikan i\u015f\u00e7i tarihinde sendikalar ve i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifleri, patronlar\u0131n lokavt dayatmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 grevdeki i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kurduklar\u0131 kooperatifler yoluyla elele m\u00fccadele etmi\u015ftir.  D\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 kooperatifi, Amerikan tarihinin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kitlesel hareketi olan Halk\u00e7\u0131 Hareketin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak 1800\u2019lerin sonunda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f ve Halk\u00e7\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fc isyan\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme taban\u0131 olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.  Yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131lda ise \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan Hissedarlar Planmas\u0131 (ESOPs) gibi karma pratikler; Southwest Havayollar\u0131, Home Depot ve  Avis Ara\u00e7 Kiralama dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli ba\u015far\u0131lar elde etti. Ancak bu sosyal deneyimlerin y\u00fckseli\u015f ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6tesinde, i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifleri inat\u00e7\u0131 dirili\u015fleri ile i\u015f yerinde ve ekonomide demokrasi m\u00fccadelesinin do\u011fal bir bile\u015feni oldu\u011funu ispatlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin g\u00fc\u00e7lenip b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7i hareketi \u00e7ocuk ve ev bak\u0131m\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ileri gibi geleneksel olmayan i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6rg\u00fctleme u\u011fra\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7erisindeyken, bizler de al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131k i\u015f\u00e7i-i\u015fveren ili\u015fkilerinin ger\u00e7ekli\u011finden uzakla\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131k. \u00dclke \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki kampanyalarda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctenler, bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerin hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftiren i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatiflerine tan\u0131kl\u0131k ettiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015fvuru merkezi, istihdam b\u00fcrosu, tatil ve hastal\u0131k izinlerinde rotasyonla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilecek bir i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc havuzu, hem \u00e7ocuk hem de evde bak\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabilecek i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifi pratiklerinin \u00f6rnekleridir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler sunmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifleri i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme programlar\u0131 i\u00e7in yeni alanlar a\u00e7ma potansiyeline de sahip.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck topluluklar baz\u0131nda i\u015fletmeler olma e\u011filimi g\u00f6steriyor, \u00f6rne\u011fin Los Angeles ve San Fransisco \/ K\u00f6rfez B\u00f6lgesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7o\u011fu taksiciler ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131 asl\u0131nda kooperatiflere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak bu kooperatifler birle\u015ftirici politik bir lobi faaliyetinden yoksunlar. Taksi s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri tarife y\u00fckseltmek istediklerinde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gruplar yetkililer ile uzun s\u00fcren g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler sonucunda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck zamlar alabiliyorlar. Oysa ki \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc bir i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcyeleri olsalar haklar\u0131n\u0131 savunabilmek i\u00e7in daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir pozisyonda olabilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifleri genelde \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rde k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f durumda ancak kamu sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki i\u015flerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 kamuda i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatiflerinin \u00f6rg\u00fctlenebilmesi i\u00e7in bir f\u0131rsat sunuyor. Vergi kesintilerindeki muhafazakar program ve \u00e7\u00f6kmekte olan h\u00fck\u00fcmet kamu emek\u00e7ilerini sald\u0131r\u0131ya a\u00e7\u0131k hale getirdi. Kamuda artan ta\u015feronla\u015fma geleneksel kamu sendikalar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinin taban\u0131n\u0131 eritti. \u00d6te yandan kamudan i\u015f alan ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 \u015firketler de geleneksel i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi i\u00e7in zor hedefler oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ta\u015feron \u015firket kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda geleneksel \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme metodlar\u0131 i\u015fe yaramad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sendikalar i\u015f\u00e7ilere s\u00f6z konusu i\u015fi almalar\u0131 i\u00e7in kendi birliklerini bir i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme yolunda \u00f6n ayak olabilirler. \u00dcst d\u00fczey y\u00f6neticilerin y\u00fckl\u00fc maa\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak zorunda olmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in bu kooperatifler b\u00fcy\u00fck ta\u015feron \u015firketlerin alt\u0131nda teklif sunabilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Akabinde i\u015f\u00e7i hareketi, i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatiflerini destekleyecek b\u00fct\u00e7e politikalar\u0131 ve mevzuat \u00fcretilmesi i\u00e7in bask\u0131 olu\u015fturabilir. \u0130\u015fin yerelde yap\u0131l\u0131yor olmas\u0131 oradaki yerel toplumu da ekonomik olarak g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecektir. Asgari \u00fccret kampanyalar\u0131 gibi bu strateji de kamudaki ta\u015feronla\u015fma dalgas\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131rmaya yard\u0131m ederken kamu b\u00fct\u00e7esinin korunmas\u0131na ve yerel toplumun bu b\u00fct\u00e7eden yap\u0131lan harcamadan en  y\u00fcksek fayday\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131yacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tabi ki \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczde baz\u0131 engeller var. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i hareketi ekonomik sava\u015f i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6l\u00fcm kal\u0131m m\u00fccadelesi veriyor. Amerikan i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn ancak y\u00fczde on birini temsil eden i\u015f\u00e7i hareketi, giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bir kesimi daha az say\u0131da ve daha az deneyimli insanla \u00f6rg\u00fctlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor (sahadakiler i\u00e7in bu kimi zaman rahats\u0131z edici bir \u015fekilde, b\u00fcy\u00fck kay\u0131plar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ve dikkatsiz oynayan umutsuz bir kumarbaz\u0131n mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor). \u0130\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmeler olma e\u011filimi ta\u015f\u0131yor, ideolojik olarak cazip ama stratejik olarak o kadar da \u00e7ekici g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Say\u0131 oyununu kazanmak i\u00e7in i\u015f\u00e7i hareketi daha iyi \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeli, e\u011fitmeli ve \u00fcyelerini yerelde devam eden \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme faaliyetlerinde aktifle\u015fmeleri i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7irmeli. Bu ihtiya\u00e7 dururken, yereller \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme program\u0131 ve hedeflerinden yoksun. Oysa ki i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatiflerinin kurulmas\u0131na te\u015fvik i\u00e7in yereli g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015f\u00e7ilere kazand\u0131racak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu nedenle i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifi topluluklar\u0131ndan, i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifi modelinden \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme hedefleri \u00e7\u0131kararak i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifi paradigmas\u0131 geli\u015ftirme u\u011fra\u015f\u0131nda bize kat\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 istiyoruz. Hepimizin bildi\u011fi \u00fczere i\u015f\u00e7i hareketi, idealleri i\u00e7in aya\u011fa kalkan cesur ve adanm\u0131\u015f insanlar\u0131n kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00fczerine in\u015fa edildi. Sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortas\u0131 ve di\u011fer kazan\u0131mlar, k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131, haftal\u0131k 44 \u2013g\u00fcnl\u00fck  8  saat  \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, tatil ve hastal\u0131k izni, zam, sosyal g\u00fcvence ve hafta sonu izni bizim \u015fu anda g\u00fcvence alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz ya\u015fam tarz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 olu\u015fturan kazan\u0131mlar. Sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme i\u00e7in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck lokmalar,  b\u00fcy\u00fck ziyafetlerin de \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc kapamadan daha kolay elde edilir kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n yolunu a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lisabeth Ryder, Oakland, Kaliforniya\u2019daki Eyalet \u0130daresi & Belediye \u0130\u015f\u00e7ileri Amerikan Federasyonu\u2019nun Bat\u0131 b\u00f6lgesi y\u00f6neticisidir. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

http:\/\/www.geo.coop\/archives\/3_Ryder_Forum.html<\/strong> sitesinden \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir.<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Kaynak: http:\/\/isyandan.org\/makaleler\/sendikalar-ve-kooperatifler-demokratik-isyerlerinin-insaasi-icin-isbirligi-lisabeth-ryder\/<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeleri olarak herg\u00fcn sahada i\u015f\u00e7ilerin hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ediyoruz; haklar\u0131 eriyen, g\u00fcvencesiz ve esnek i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak ad\u0131na<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1784,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4],"tags":[80,37,81],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1676"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1676"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1676\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1829,"href":"https:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1676\/revisions\/1829"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1784"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1676"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}