{"id":2043,"date":"2022-06-02T20:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-02T20:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/?p=2043"},"modified":"2022-06-07T10:18:52","modified_gmt":"2022-06-07T10:18:52","slug":"gida-egemenligi-ripess","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yerdenizkooperatifi.org\/index.php\/2022\/06\/02\/gida-egemenligi-ripess\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u0131da Egemenli\u011fi, R\u0130PESS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Topluluk Destekli Tar\u0131m Ve Sosyal Dayan\u0131\u015fma Ekonomisine \u0130li\u015fkin<\/strong> Konu\u015fman\u0131n Zorluklar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Milyonlarca \u00e7ift\u00e7iyi topraktan \u00e7\u0131kmaya zorlayan ve giderek ac\u0131mas\u0131zla\u015fan k\u00fcresel pazar<\/strong>\u0131n risklerini \u00e7ift\u00e7iler tek ba\u015flar\u0131na omuzluyor. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7aptaki k\u00fcresel arazi gasp\u0131, art\u0131k kolayca tespit edilemeyen tekniklerin (CRISPR) kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f organizmalar (GDO’lar) ve tohumlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck tohum \u015firketleri taraf\u0131ndan patentlenmesi yollar\u0131yla end\u00fcstriyel tar\u0131m k\u00f6yl\u00fc tar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli tehdit alt\u0131nda tutuyor. End\u00fcstriyel g\u0131dalarda pestisit bulunur, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 miktarda i\u015flenmi\u015flerdir ve bunlar hem topra\u011f\u0131n sahibi olan hem g\u0131day\u0131 yeti\u015ftiren hem de i\u015fleyen holdinglerin sahip oldu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck hipermarketlerde ucuza sat\u0131l\u0131r. Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 organik g\u0131da<\/strong> sosyal olarak d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f insanlar i\u00e7in eri\u015filemez durumdad\u0131r ve hipermarketlerde sadece zenginlerin sat\u0131n alabilece\u011fi \u015fekilde fiyatland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca g\u0131da ve tar\u0131m end\u00fcstrisi \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu belgesiz olan ve k\u00f6leli\u011fe yak\u0131n ko\u015fullarda ya\u015fay\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilere ve konsantre hayvan besleme operasyonu (CAFO) ile yeti\u015ftirip \u00f6nleyici olarak antibiyotik tedavisi uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve k\u0131sa \u00f6m\u00fcrlerinde insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ko\u015fullarda ya\u015fatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayvanlara k\u00f6t\u00fc muamelede bulunuyor. G\u0131da skandallar\u0131 giderek yayg\u0131nla\u015f\u0131yor ve D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc’ne g\u00f6re baz\u0131 ciddi hastal\u0131klar\u0131n hayvan ile insan aras\u0131ndaki bariyeri korkun\u00e7 sonu\u00e7larla ge\u00e7mesi sadece an meselesi.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u0131da egemenli\u011fi hareketi, Via Campesina’n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131, <\/strong>k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli g\u0131da \u00fcreticilerinin \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi ve temel bir insan hakk\u0131 olan g\u0131dan\u0131n D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc’nden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in verilen m\u00fccadele ile 1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fdu. Uluslararas\u0131 G\u0131da Egemenli\u011fi Planlama Komitesi<\/strong>, g\u0131da egemenli\u011fine dahil olan toplumsal hareketlerin k\u00f6yl\u00fcler, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar, pastoralistler, yerli halklar gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli bile\u015fenlerinin 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda Roma’da G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Forumu’nda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesini takiben, 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda Roma’da resmen kuruldu. G\u0131da egemenli\u011fi i\u00e7in ilk forum 2002’de Roma’da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti ve Ny\u00e9l\u00e9ni G\u0131da Egemenli\u011fi Forumu 2007’de Mali’de d\u00fczenlendi. (Ge\u00e7mi\u015fine dair daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in:\u00a0http:\/\/www.foodsovereignty.org\/about-us\/<\/a>\u00a0)<\/p>\n\n\n\n


K\u0131talararas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ekte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Urgenci Uluslararas\u0131 Topluluk Destekli Tar\u0131m A\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, Eyl\u00fcl 2016’dan bu yana RIPESS Kurulu’nun resmi tam \u00fcyesi ve uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r RIPESS AB \u00fcyesi olan uluslararas\u0131 bir kurulu\u015ftur. D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 milyon \u00fcretici ve t\u00fcketiciyi temsil eden ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n t\u00fcm k\u0131talar\u0131nda bulunan ulusal ve b\u00f6lgesel a\u011flardan olu\u015fan uluslararas\u0131 bir a\u011fd\u0131r<\/strong>. Topluluk destekli tar\u0131m (CSA) giri\u015fimleri, geli\u015ftirildikleri \u00fclkenin veya b\u00f6lgenin sosyal, tarihi, jeopolitik, tar\u0131msal ve ekonomik \u00f6zelliklerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7imler almaktad\u0131r (bkz. D\u00fcnyadaki CSA giri\u015fimleri). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Urgenci, savunma ve politika eylemleri ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere RIPESS’i g\u0131da egemenli\u011fi konular\u0131na ve her k\u0131tada bulunan a\u011f \u00fcyelerine k\u0131talararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde y\u00f6nlendiren referans harekettir<\/strong>. RIPESS k\u0131ta \u00fcyeleri, sosyal dayan\u0131\u015fma ekonomisi ve g\u0131da egemenli\u011fi ile ilgili kendi \u00f6zel y\u00f6nelimlerine sahiptir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Topluluk destekli tar\u0131m; biri g\u0131da egemenli\u011fi, di\u011feri ise dayan\u0131\u015fma ekonomisi olan iki temel s\u00fctun \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmi\u015f <\/strong>bir yakla\u015f\u0131m ve hareket \u00f6rne\u011fidir ve k\u00fcresel CSA a\u011f\u0131 olan Urgenci\u2019yi RIPESS\u2019in do\u011fal bir \u00fcyesi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (www.urgenci.net<\/a>\u00a0).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Urgenci, la Via Campesina ve di\u011fer sivil toplum akt\u00f6rleriyle g\u0131da egemenli\u011fi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor ve FIAN arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla insan haklar\u0131na, \u00f6zellikle de g\u0131da ve beslenme hakk\u0131na aktif olarak katk\u0131da bulunuyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Topluluk destekli tar\u0131m, yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f sarmal\u0131na en umut verici alternatiflerden biridir ve ayn\u0131 zamanda vatanda\u015flar\u0131, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ift\u00e7ileri, t\u00fcketicileri, aktivistleri ve endi\u015feli politik akt\u00f6rleri k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte bir araya getiren \u00dcreticiler ve T\u00fcketiciler Aras\u0131ndaki Yerel Dayan\u0131\u015fmaya Dayal\u0131 Ortakl\u0131klar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla alternatif bir ekonomik yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.<\/strong> Arac\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in fiyatlar olduk\u00e7a uygundur ve agroekoloji ilkelerine dayanmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ekte y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen somut eylemler, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakiler dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7o\u011funlukla savunma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na odaklanmaktad\u0131r: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Konu hakk\u0131nda herhangi bir y\u0131lda haz\u0131rlanan politika dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131 ile uyumlu olan sivil toplum pozisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 kolektif olarak geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Komitesi’nin Sivil Toplum Mekanizmas\u0131’nda devam eden politika \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gruplar\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131n<\/strong>. Bu pozisyonlar daha sonra BM G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve Beslenme Komitesi taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 anla\u015fmaya dayal\u0131 bi\u00e7imde oylanan politikay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in devletlerle m\u00fczakere edilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Konumlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in kan\u0131ta dayal\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve kesin veriler <\/strong>sa\u011flay\u0131n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 K\u00fcresel seviyedeki Ny\u00e9l\u00e9ni s\u00fcreci arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerdeki sivil toplumla birlikte iki y\u0131lda bir yap\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli FAO isti\u015farelerine di\u011fer toplumsal hareketlerle kat\u0131l\u0131n<\/strong> ve somut katk\u0131larda bulunun. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nma hedeflerinin uygulanma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine RIPESS ile katk\u0131<\/strong>da bulunun <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Dayan\u0131\u015fma ekonomisine ili\u015fkin g\u0131da konular\u0131n\u0131n RIPESS \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda ve BM Kurumlar Aras\u0131 Sosyal ve Dayan\u0131\u015fma Ekonomisi \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Kolu’nda<\/strong> ilerletilmesini sa\u011flay\u0131n.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baz\u0131 ilgin\u00e7 sonu\u00e7lar<\/strong>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden g\u0131da kayb\u0131 ile israf\u0131na, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin pazarlara ba\u011flanmas\u0131na kadar bir\u00e7ok politikaya katk\u0131. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde birka\u00e7 Urgenci \u00fcyesi Sivil Toplum Mekanizmas\u0131’ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara<\/strong> fikirleri ile b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131larda bulunmu\u015ftur ve Urgenci\u2019nin \u015fu anki ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Shi Yan, \u201cK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00d6l\u00e7ekli \u00c7ift\u00e7ilerin Pazarlara Ba\u011flanmas\u0131 \u00dczerine \u00dcst D\u00fczey Forum\u201dda temsilci olarak atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. CSM, t\u00fcm bile\u015fenler (k\u00f6yl\u00fcler, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar, pastoralistler, yerli halklar, kad\u0131nlar, gen\u00e7ler, tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ileri ve t\u00fcketiciler) taraf\u0131ndan temsil edilen sivil toplumun, g\u0131dayla ilgili politika geli\u015ftirmede devletlerle e\u015fit rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 BM b\u00fcnyesindeki benzersiz bir yap\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Arazi \u00fczerinde spek\u00fclasyondan ka\u00e7\u0131nma, g\u0131daya eri\u015fimi sa\u011flama ve b\u00f6lgesel g\u0131da sistemleri in\u015fa etme yoluyla dayan\u0131\u015fma ekonomisinden ve Topluluk Arazi Tr\u00f6stlerinden kolektif olarak bahsedilmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in Habitat III s\u00fcrecine ve Yeni Kentsel G\u00fcndemin tasla\u011f\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131na katk\u0131<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Haziran 2017’de \u00dcst D\u00fczey Siyasi Forumu’ndan \u00f6nce SKH 2 konusunda New York’ta BM’de Uzman Grup Toplant\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong>\u2019na ve Yeni Kentsel G\u00fcndem ve SKH’lerin uygulanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin New York’ta Uzman Grup Toplant\u0131s\u0131\u2019na kat\u0131l\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Farkl\u0131 k\u0131talardaki (Avrupa, ABD, kanada) Topluluk Destekli Tar\u0131m ruhsatlar\u0131 <\/strong>da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 (CSA Charter)(1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Avrupa’da CSA haritas\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131n ve Avrupa’da topra\u011fa eri\u015fim hakk\u0131nda bir kitab\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baz\u0131 referans kaynaklar <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6nemli Deklarasyonlar:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Avrupa CSA Deklarasyonu (\u0130ngilizce), ayr\u0131ca Frans\u0131zca, \u0130talyanca, \u0130spanyolca, Macarca, \u00c7ek\u00e7e, Yunanca ve Flemenk\u00e7e. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Ny\u00e9l\u00e9ni Deklarasyonu, 2007 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 The Nyeleni-Avrupa final Deklarasyonu (1. Forum, Krems \u2013 Avusturya, A\u011fustos 2011)\u2022 Nyeleni Agroekoloji Deklarasyonu (\u015eubat 2015) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Referans K\u0131lavuzlar: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 CSA Avrupa El Kitab\u0131 Urgenci taraf\u0131ndan koordine edilen ve 2011-2013 y\u0131llar\u0131nda 8 \u00fclke ortakla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen Avrupa i\u00e7in Topluluk Destekli Tar\u0131m projesi kapsam\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan, Urgenci \u00fcyelerinin ilk toplu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131! <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 \u201cCSA\u2019n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olun!\u201d kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok daha geli\u015fmi\u015ftir ve CSA olacak \u00fcyeleri topluluk olu\u015fturma ve bu vah\u015fi maceran\u0131n temelleri konusunda e\u011fitmeyi ama\u00e7lar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Hasad\u0131n Payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 Elizabeth Henderson (\u0130ngilizce ve \u0130spanyolca)\u2022 Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k CSA A\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Kaynaklar web sitesi\u2022 Topra\u011fa Eri\u015fim <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Urgenci Web sitesinden baz\u0131 ek kaynaklar: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 D\u00fcnyadaki CSA\u2019lar \u00fczerine k\u0131sa filmler \u2022 Video (\u0130ngilizce) \u201c\u0130klim Adaleti ve Topluluk Destekli Tar\u0131m, Judith Hitchman Urgenci Fransa\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Analitik Sivil Toplum Grubu k\u0131lavuzu (\u0130ngilizce) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Judith Hitchman, \u201cSavunma, sosyal hareketler, k\u0131sa da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m zinciri ve politika: \u00f6rneklendirilmi\u015f analitik bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u201d, Urgenci \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Belgesi n\u00b01, Ekim 2014, 13 s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Yerel g\u0131da sistemleri neden g\u0131da sistemine yeni seksi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler sunuyor? Judith Hitchman 2017 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130li\u015fkili referans Web siteleri: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Urgenci International <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Nyeleni  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Via Campesina  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Civil Society Mechanism (CSM) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 International Planning Committee for Food Sovereignty (IPC) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 UN Committee on Food Security and Nutrition<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynak: http:\/\/www.ripess.org\/working-areas\/food-sovereignty\/?lang=en<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1)- daha detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in bkz: https:\/\/communitysupportedagriculture.org.uk\/about\/csa-charter\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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